ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang :Di Indonesia memiliki beragam tanaman berkhasiat namun, belum dibudidayakan secara khusus. Salah satu dari tanaman yang berkhasiat ini yaitu daun roviga (calotropis gigantea). Daun Roviga mengandung senyawa yang mampu menghambat sintesis prostaglandin,salah satunya adalah Flavonoid. Meningkatnya prostaglandin akan menginduksi terjadinya peningkatan set point suhu tubuh sehingga terjadi demam.
Tujuan : untuk mengetahui efek pemberian ekstrak daun roviga (calotropis gigantea) sebagai antipiretik pada mencit yang diinduksi oleh vaksin DPT.
Metode Penelitian:Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan desain penelitian pre test-post test control group desain. 5 kelompok yang diamati yaitu kelompok perlakuan yang diberikan ekstrak daun roviga dan kelompok kontrol negatif yang diberikan aquades dan satu lagi kelompok kontrol positif diberikan paracetamol. Pada kelompok perlakuan diberikan terapi secara oral dimasukkan kedalam tubuh mencit dengan menggunakan sonde. Variabel yang diamati adalah suhu mencit.
Hasil Penelitian :Pada uji T-berpasangan, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan suhu yang bermakna sebelum dan sesudah pemberian vaksin DPT selama 3 jam.. Kemudian diuji menggunakan One Way ANOVA diperoleh nilai p = 0.005 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan penurunan suhu yang bermakna pada kelima kelompok perlakuan.Untuk mengetahui letak perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Post Hoc.Dari hasil uji Post Hoc dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan suhu yang bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan aquades dan kelompok perlakuan ekstrak daun roviga 0.025 dengan kelompok perlakuan lainnya. Namun tidak terdapat perbedaan suhu yang bermakna antar kelompok ekstrak daun roviga dosis 0.025 mg, 0.05 mg, 0,1 mg dan kelompok paracetamol. Kesimpulan : Ekstrak daun roviga (Calotropis gigantea) memiliki efek antipiretik terhadap mencit (Mus musculus) yang diinduksi dengan vaksin DPT.
Kata kunci : antipiretik, vaksin DPT, demam, daun roviga (Calotropis gigantea) mencit (Mus musculus).
THE ANTIPIRETIC EFFECT OF ROVIGA LEAF ETANOL EXTRACT
(Calotropis gigantea) ON MICE (Mus musculus) WHICH WERE INDUCED FOR FEVER BY THE INJECTION OF DPT VACCINE
Nur Aisyah Sudarmin Amin*, Tri Setyawati**, Mohammad Salman***
*Student of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Tadulako University
**Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Tadulako University
***Lecturer, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Tadulako University
ABSTRACT

Background. Indonesia has diverse benevical plants, but not specially cultivated yet. One of this benefical plants is roviga leaf (Calotropis gigantea). Roviga leaves contain the compunds that capable to inhibit prostaglandin syntesis, one of those is flavonoid. The increasing of prostaglandin will induce increasing of body temperature set point with the result that fever happens.
Objectives. To know the effect of roviga leaevas extract (calotropis gigantea) administrassion as an antipiretic agent on mice which were induced by DPT vaccine. Method. This research is a laboratory experimental resarch that used pre test-post test control group design. Five groups that have been observed were intervention group which was given roviga leaves extract, negative control group was given aquades, and one more postive control group was given paracetamol. On the intervention group, therapy was given by oral route with sonde. Variable that observed was mice body temperature.
Result. Paired T-Test showed there was a valuable body temperature difference before and after administrasion of DPT vaccine for 3 hours. Then tested by One Way ANOVA and found that p value was 0,005 which means that there is valuable difference of temperature decreasing on each five groups. To know the valuable difference between intervention group then continued with Post Hoc test. From the result of Post Hoc test can be concluded that there was valuable difference of body temperature between intervention group of aquades and roviga leaves axtract (0,025) with the other intervention groups. But there was no valuable body temperature difference between roviga leaves extract group with different dosage of each 0,025mg, 0,05mg, 0,1 mg, and paracetamol group.
Conclussion. Roviga leaves extract (Calotropis gigantea) has antipiretic effect on mice
(Mus musculus) which were induced by DPT vaccine.


Keywords. Antipiretic, DPT vaccine, fever, roviga leaves (Calotropis gigantea), mice (Mus musculus).