ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Obat tradisional Indonesia atau jamu, telah digunakan secara luas untuk menjaga kesehatan dan mengatasi berbagai penyakit. Daun sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness) dinyatakan sebagai obat tradisional yang berharga melawan berbagai macam penyakit salah satunya dapat menurunkan demam. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui efek antipiretik ekstrak daun sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness) pada subjek 25 mencit (Mus musculus) yang terbagi dalam 5 kelompok. Material dan metode : Ekstrak daun sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness), 25 ekor mencit, vaksin DPT, dissposable 1 ml dan 3 ml, NGT (Nasogastric tube), termometer rektal, stopwatch. Untuk menaikkan suhu disuntikkan vaksin DPT 0,2 cc intra muskular. Kemudian hewan coba akan dibagi kedalam 5 kelompok berbeda dengan perlakuan berbeda untuk setiap kelompok. Kelompok 1 diberikan paracetamol sebagai kontrol positif, kelompok 2 diberikan 1ml aquadest sebagai kontrol negatif, kelompok 3 di berikan ekstrak daun sambiloto dosis 0,026 mg, kelompok 4 diberikan ekstrak daun sambiloto dosis 0,05 mg, kelompok 5 diberikan ekstrak daun sambiloto dosis 0,1 mg. Pengukuran suhu diukur dengan menggunakan termometer rectal setiap 30 menit selama 180 menit. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan menggunakan Statistical Package for Social Sciences 17.0 (SPSS 17.0). Hasil Penelitian: Diperoleh hasil dengan nilai signifikansi pada kelompok kontrol positif (parasetamol) dan kelompok dosis 1, 2, dan 3 yaitu kurang dari 0,05 (p0,05 yang berarti tidak memiliki efek antipiretik. Dari uji Post Hoc terjadi penurunan yang signifikan pada pemberian paracetamol, kemudian pada pemberian ekstrak daun sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness) dosis 0,026 mg. Kesimpulan : Ekstrak daun sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness) memiliki efek antipiretik terhadap mencit (Mus musculus) yang diinduksi dengan vaksin DPT.
Kata kunci : Antipiretik, vaksin DPT, demam, daun sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness), mencit jantan (Mus musculus).
x
ABSTRACT
Background: Indonesian Traditional Medicine or jamu, has been widely used to maintain health and to cure various disease. Sambiloto leaf (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness), which is often used as vegetable seasoning, has been declared as a valuable traditional medicine to cure various diseases, one of which is to reduce fever. Objective: To determine the antipyretic effect of sambiloto leaf extract (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness) in 25 mice (Mus musculus) which were divided into five groups. Materials and methods: Sambiloto leaf extract (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness), 25 mice, DPT, 1 ml and 3 ml dissposable, NGT (nasogastric tube), rectal thermometer, stopwatch. To raise their body temperature, mice were injected intramuscularly with 0.2 cc of DPT vaccine. 25 Mice were divided into 5 groups with different treatments for each group. Group one was given paracetamol as the positive control, group two was given 1 ml aquadest as the negative control, group three was given sambiloto leaf extract with a dose of 0,026 mg, group four was given sambiloto leaf extract with a dose of 0,05 mg, and group five was given sambiloto leaf extract with a dose of 0,1 mg. The body temperature of the mice was measured by using a rectal thermometer every 30 minutes of 180 minutes. The data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 17.0 (SPSS 17.0). Results: The results showed significant values in the positive control group (paracetamol) and dose groups 1, 2, and 3 which was less than 0.05 (p 0.05) which meant that it had no antipyretic effect. From the post hoc test, there was significant decrease of the body temperature of the mice after being given paracetamol and sambiloto leaf extract (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness) of dose 0,026 mg. Conclusion: Sambiloto leaf extract (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness) has antipyretic effect in mice (Mus musculus) that were induced with DPT vaccine.
Keywords: antipyretics, DPT vaccine, fever, sambiloto leaf (Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. Ness), male mice (Mus musculus).